01Two kinds of cells
Galvanic (voltaic) cells use a favorable redox reaction to produce current (E° > 0, ΔG < 0). Electrolytic cells use outside power to force an unfavorable reaction.
In both: oxidation at the anode, reduction at the cathode (An Ox, Red Cat). Electrons flow anode → cathode through the wire. The salt bridge keeps solutions neutral.
02Notebook box
Galvanic: anode (−), cathode (+). Anions in salt bridge move toward the anode.
Worked example: Zn | Zn²⁺ || Cu²⁺ | Cu → Zn anode loses mass, Cu cathode gains mass.