01Finding unknown concentration
Add a solution of known concentration (titrant) until it exactly reacts with the analyte — the equivalence point. An indicator signals the endpoint.
Moles titrant at equivalence give moles analyte via the balanced ratio.
02Notebook box
For 1:1 reactions: M_aV_a = M_bV_b.
Worked example: 25.0 mL HCl needs 20.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH → M = 0.0800 M.